Book 13 IELTS Academic Reading Test 4

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READING PASSAGE 1 : Questions 1-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. Clippers were originally intended to be used as passenger ships.

2. Cutty Sark was given the name of a character in a poem.

3. The contract between John Willis and Scott & Linton favoured Willis.

4. John Willis wanted Cutty Sark to be the fastest tea clipper travelling between the UK and China.

5. Despite storm damage, Cutty Sark beat Thermopylae back to London.

6. The opening of the Suez Canal meant that steam ships could travel between Britain and China faster than clippers.

7. Steam ships sometimes used the ocean route to travel between London and China.

8. Captain Woodget put Cutty Sark at risk of hitting an iceberg.

Questions 9-13

Complete the sentences below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.

9. After 1880, Cutty Sark carried as its main cargo during its most successful time.

10. As a captain and , Woodget was very skilled.

11. Ferreira went to Falmouth to repair damage that a had caused.

12. Between 1923 and 1954, Cutty Sark was used for

13. Cutty Sark has twice been damaged by in the 21st century.

READING PASSAGE 2 : Questions 14-26

Complete the summary below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.

Why soil degradation could be a disaster for humans

Healthy soil contains a large variety of bacteria and other microorganisms, as well as plant remains and 14.  It provides us with food and also with antibiotics, and its function in storing 15.  has a significant effect on the climate. In addition, it prevents damage to property and infrastructure because it holds 16. If these microorganisms are lost, soil may lose its special properties. The main factor contributing to soil degradation is the 17.  carried out by humans.

Questions 18-21

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-F, below.

A   may improve the number and quality of plants growing there.

B   may contain data from up to nine countries.

C   may not be put back into the soil.

D   may help governments to be more aware of soil-related issues.

E   may cause damage to different aspects of the environment.

F   may be better for use at a global level.

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 18-21 on your answer sheet.

18. Nutrients contained in the unused parts of harvested crops

19. Synthetic fertilisers produced with Haber-Bosch process

20. Addition of a mixture developed by Pius Floris to the soil

21. The idea of zero net soil degradation

Questions 22-26

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G.

Which section contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet.

NB  You may use any letter more than once.

22. a reference to one person’s motivation for a soil-improvement project

23. an explanation of how soil stayed healthy before the development of farming

24. examples of different ways of collecting information on soil degradation

25. a suggestion for a way of keeping some types of soil safe in the near future

26. a reason why it is difficult to provide an overview of soil degradation

READING PASSAGE 3 : Questions 27-40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet.

27. What is the reviewer’s attitude to advocates of positive psychology?

28. The reviewer refers to the Greek philosopher Aristotle in order to suggest that happiness

29. According to Davies, Bentham’s suggestion for linking the price of goods to happiness was significant because

Questions 30-34

Complete the summary using the list of words A-G below.

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 30-34 on your answer sheet.

Jeremy Bentham

Jeremy Bentham was active in other areas besides philosophy. In the 1790s he suggested a type of technology to improve 30. for different Government departments. He developed a new way of printing banknotes to increase 31.  and also designed a method for the 32.  of food. He also drew up plans for a prison which allowed the 33.  of prisoners at al times, and believed the same design could be used for other institutions as well. When researching happiness, he investigated possibilities for its 34. , and suggested some methods of doing this.

A   measurement

B   security

C   implementation

D   profits

E   observation

F   communication

G   preservation

Questions 35-40

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 35-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

35. One strength of The Happiness Industry is its discussion of the relationship between psychology and economics.

36. It is more difficult to measure some emotions than others.

37. Watson’s ideas on behaviourism were supported by research on humans he carried out before 1915.

38. Watson’s ideas have been most influential on governments outside America.

39. The need for happiness is linked to industrialisation.

40. A main aim of government should be to increase the happiness of the population.

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